Denigma cartographies changes from the molecular level to whole physiology which occur in defined contrasts such as aging and dietary as well as genetic lifespan-extending interventions:
ID | name | taxid | reference | pmid | tissue | comparision | start | stop | gender | description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
89 | Chromosomal anomalies | 969 | — | — | — | age | — | — | — | Chromosomal anomalies (rearrangements and aneuploidies) during cell division increases with age in cultured lymphocytes and fibroblasts [30,31 in Lauri et al. 2012]. |
90 | Accumulation of DNA damage | 10090 | — | — | — | age | — | — | — | DNA damage accumulates with age in mouse hematopoietic stem cells [32 in Lauri et al. 2012]. |
91 | LysoPC(18:4) decrease | 10090 | — | 22661299 | serum | age | 3 months | 22 months | female | Serum levels of LysoPC(18:4) decrease from 3 to 22 months [22661299]. |
92 | SM(d18:1/12:0) decrease | 10090 | — | 22661299 | serum | age | 3 months | 22 months | female | Serum levels of SM(d18:1/12:0) decreasefrom 3 to 22 months [22661299]. |
93 | Tetracosahexaenoic acid decrease | 10090 | — | 22661299 | serum | age | 3 months | 22 months | female | Serum levels of Tetracosahexaenoic acid decrease from 3 to 22 months [22661299]. |
94 | 7alpha-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-4-one decrease | 10090 | — | 22661299 | serum | age | 3 months | 22 months | female | Serum levels of 7alpha-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-4-one decreases from 3 to 33 months [22661299]. |
95 | Ceramides increase | — | — | — | — | age | — | — | — | Sphingosine-linked fatty acids like ceramides serve as "damage-associated molecular patterns" (DAMPs) are increased in aged tissue and cause inflammatory damage via activation of Nlrp3 inflammasome [Vandanmagsar et al. 2011; Youm et al. 2012]. |
96 | Loss of histone proteins from the genome | 4932 | — | 20832724 | — | age | — | — | — | Normal aging is accompanied by a profound loss of histone proteins from the genome [20832724]. |
97 | Diminished cognitive skills | 9606 | — | — | — | age | — | — | — | Cognitive skill such as learning and memory diminish with age [http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120629211902.htm]. |
99 | Decreased body fat | 10090 | — | — | — | Diet | DR | AL | — | Body fat decreases upon DR [6608731]. |
102 | Increased fat synthesis and oxidation | 10090 | — | — | — | diet | DR | AL | — | During DR there is an increased fat synthesis and oxidation [19887594]. |
103 | Decreased stem cell activity | — | — | 20504968 | — | age | — | — | — | Advanced age is associated with decreased stem cell activity [20504968]. |
121 | Smaller body size | 6239 | — | 22810224 | — | mutation | eat-2 | wild-type | — | eat-2 mutants are noticeable smaller than wild-type [22810224]. |
124 | Reduced expression of autophagy genes | 7227 | — | 18059160 | neural | age | old | young | — | The expression of several autophagy genes is reduced in neural tissues as a normal part of aging [18059160]. |
125 | Insoluble ubiquitinated proteins accumulate | 7227 | — | 18059160 | neuronal | age | old | young | — | Insoluble ubiquitinated proteins, markers of neuronal aging and degeneration, accumulate with aging in concomitantly with the age-dependent suppression of autopagy [18059160]. |
126 | Elevated long-chain lactosylceramides | 9606 | — | 21687659 | fibroblasts | age | old | young | — | Long-chain lactosylceramides (LacCers) are significantly elevated in human fibroblasts isolated from elderly individuals [21687659]. |
127 | Accumulation of long-chain glycosphingolipids | 10090 | — | 21687659 | kidney | age | 17 month | 3 month | — | Measurement of sphingolipid profiles in young (3 months), middle aged (9 moths) and old (17 months) C57BL/6 mice in kidney reveals a dramatic elevations in long-chain hexosylceramides (HexCer) and lactosylceramides, with C14- and C16-lactosylcermaides (LacCers) elevated as much as 8 and 12-fold, respectively. Similar changes occur in liver and brain. DR prevents the decline in kidney function, inhibits the accumulation of long-chain HexCer/LacCers and and also prevents the age-associated elevation of enzymes involved in their synthesis [21687659]. |
128 | Accumulation of long-chain glycosphingolipids | 10090 | — | 21687659 | liver | age | 17 months | 3 months | — | Measurement of sphingolipid profiles in young (3 months), middle aged (9 moths) and old (17 months) C57BL/6 mice in liver reveals a dramatic elevations in long-chain hexosylceramides (HexCer) and lactosylceramides, with C14- and C16-lactosylcermaides (LacCers) elevated as much as 8 and 12-fold, respectively. Similar changes occur in kidney and brain [21687659]. |
129 | Accumulation of long-chain glycosphingolipids | 10090 | — | 21687659 | brain | age | 17 months | 3 months | — | Measurement of sphingolipid profiles in young (3 months), middle aged (9 moths) and old (17 months) C57BL/6 mice in brain reveals a dramatic elevations in long-chain hexosylceramides (HexCer) and lactosylceramides, with C14- and C16-lactosylcermaides (LacCers) elevated as much as 8 and 12-fold, respectively. Similar changes occur in kidney and liver [21687659]. |
130 | Melatonin decreases | — | — | 18212404 | — | age | old | young | — | Melatonin level decrease with age [reviewed in 18212404]. |
84 | Cell proliferation increases | 1016 | 11744049 | — | — | Diet | — | — | — | 24 month DR in rats enhances cell proliferation in duodenum and forestomach mucosal tissue [11744049]. |
81 | elt-5 expression increases | 6239 | 17608836 | 17608836 | — | age | — | — | — | Expression of elt-5 increases with during devleopment and aging [17608836]. |
63 | Fertility declines | 9606 | 20041217 | — | whole body | age | — | — | females | Female fertility declines in the mid-adulthood and reproduction ceases, followed by a long post-reproductive period [Refs in 20041217]. |
39 | AMP/ATP increases | 6239 | Apfeld et al., 2004 | 15574588 | whole body | Age | 4 day | 18 day | Hemaphrodite | AMP/ATP ratio in living animals increases from <0.1 at day 4 of adulthood to 0.8 at day 18 (an age near the maximum lifespan of the population). Linear regression indicates a strong correlation between AMP/ATP ratio and life expectancy. |
40 | Accumulation of lipofuscin-like fluorescent pigment | 6239 | Apfeld et al., 2004 | 15574588 | intestine | Age | 1 day | 7 day | Hemaphrodite | A lipofuscin-like fluorescent pigment accumulates in an age-dependent manner in the intestine (Garigan et al., 2002; Herndon et al., 2002). It accumulates at a faster rate in aak-2 mutant, which have a shortened lifespan [15574588]. |
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