Factors

We need to know every factor which determines lifespan.

Lifespan factors often but not always originate from defined genetic elements. They are not just genes, by definition they can be anything for which a Classifications schema can be build for that is related to the regulation of lifespan, such entities may include Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism, transcript variants, proteins and their complexes, compounds (i.e. small molecules like metabolites and drugs), etc. A factor should be based on a defined molecular entity or genomic position and been classified. It shall be highly flexible and scalable Concept.

While individual lifespan factors within each species or precise defined molecular entities will be captured within the Lifespan App, Data Entries of the Data App may summarize for instance the relevance of each factor class (e.g. homologous group; chemical derivate of related structure and properties, etc.) as well as draw overall conclusions. o

prometheus--2.jpg

  • symbol name observation species
    TXNRD1 thioredoxin reductase 1 TXNRD1 was found to be associated with longevity [22406557]. Human
    Txnrd1 Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic Txnrd1 is transcriptional upregulated in the cerebral cortex at the age 28 months under different longevity conditions such as under dietary restriction (DR) as well as in feeding switch regimens that result in extended lifespan, like early age switch to DR as well as the reverse switch under the influence of the DR-mimetic α-lipoic acid (i.e. DR switched to ad libitum+ lipoic acid) [Shona et al. 2013]. Norway rat
    TSHR thyroid stimulating hormone receptor Two single nucleotide in the TSHR were associated with increased TSH in both centenarians and their offspring [19837933].TSHR was found to be associated with longevity [19837933]. TSHR was not found to be associated with longevity [19837933]. Human
    APOA4 apolipoprotein A-IV Two restriction polymorphisms, HinfI347 (Thr347/Ser) and Fnu4HI360 (Gln360/His), and a VNTR (alleles 3, 4) at the 3 region of the APOA4 gene were examined in 71 centenarians (18 men and 53 women, 100-107 years of age, mean 102.3 years) and 100 unrelated adults (21 men and 79 women, 19-59 years of age, mean 35.7 years). The Hinf347 genotype distribution was significantly different in centenarians [9622284].APOA4 was found to be associated with longevity [9533408]. APOA4 was found to be associated with longevity [9622284]. APOA4 was not found to be associated with longevity [9622284]. APOA4 was not found to be associated with longevity [12556235]. Human
    SLC6A4 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, serotonin), member 4 Two alleles, 44-bp insertion (l allele) or deletion (s allele) in the promoter region of SLC6A4, were examined in 265 Japanese centenarians and control subjects. The frequency of the l/l genotype and the l allele was significantly greater in centenarians than in younger control subjects, particularly women [16095668].SLC6A4 was found to be associated with longevity [22985157]. Human
    TUSC3 tumor suppressor candidate 3 TUSC3 was found to be associated with longevity [22279548]. Human
    TUBB4B tubulin, beta 2C TUBB4B was found to be associated with longevity [22174011]. Human
    TTC6 tetratricopeptide repeat domain 6 TTC6 was found to be associated with longevity [22279548]. Human
    TSPAN32 tetraspanin 32 TSPAN32 was found to be associated with longevity [19367319]. TSPAN32 was not found to be associated with longevity [19367319]. Human
    TSH-B thyroid stimulating hormone, beta TSH-B was found to be associated with longevity [19837933]. TSH-B was found to be associated with longevity [19837933]. Human
    TRIM25 tripartite motif containing 25 TRIM25 was found to be associated with longevity [22279548]. Human
    SNCA synuclein, alpha (non A4 component of amyloid precursor) Transgenic lines overexpressing either human wild-type or mutant (A53T) forms of the SNCA (alpha-synclein) gene under a pan-neuronal promoter live on average about 25% longer, even in weak (m577) and strong (e1370) daf-2 mutant backgrounds, and exhibited decreased pharyngeal pumping and egg-laying. Wild-type SNCA crossed into eat-2(ad1113) does not significantly effect lifespan compared to that of the background strain. Pumping rate in wild-type SCNA and A53T SCNA overexpression mutants were less than control already at day 1 of adulthood. The attenuation of lifespan exptesion by SNCA overexpression by growing on thick bacterial lawns, suggests that DR may explain some fo the effects on lifespan. SCNA overexpression increases average lifespan by 21.3% (wild-type) and 16.3% (A53T) [16782295]. Mutation of SCNA (alias alpha synclein) is associated with Parkinson's disease [9197268], which is characterized with resting tremor, rigidity bradykinesia and posural instability that are associated with selective neurodegeneration of the pigmented neurons in the brain stem (substantia nigra and locus coerues) and the presence of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies (Lewy bodies) [Yamamura et al. 1973]. The mutated protein (Ala53Thr or Ala30Pro) may misfold, aggregate and resist degradation [11433374].SNCA was found to be associated with longevity [22912757]. SNCA was not found to be associated with longevity [22912757]. Human
    TOX thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box TOX was found to be associated with longevity [22279548]. Human
    TOMM40 translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog (yeast) TOMM440 correlates substantial with longevity and has been associated with Alzheimer's disease [22279548]. rs4420638 at TOMM40 gene locus exhibits significant association with longevity p-value = 9.6x10^-8). Combined modeling of linkage and association shows that association of longevity with APOEepsilon4 and APOEepsilon2 alleles explain the linkage at 19q1.11-q13.32 with pvalue-0.02 and p-value=1.0x10^-5, respectively [23286790]. TOMM40 was found to be associated with longevity [21418511; 23040522; 22279548]. TOMM40 was not found to be associated with longevity [24924924]. TOMM40 was found to be associated with longevity [24924924]. Human
    TNFSF8 tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 8 TNFSF8 was found to be associated with longevity [22279548]. Human
    TNFRSF11A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 11a, NFKB activator TNFRSF11A was found to be associated with longevity [22279548]. Human
    TNFb tumor necrosis factor TNFb was found to be associated with longevity [17989723]. Human
    TNFa tumor necrosis factor TNFa was found to be associated with longevity [17989723]. TNFA was not found to be associated with longevity [21865054]. Human
    Tmem218 Transmembrane protein 218 Tmem218 is transcriptional upregulated in the cerebral cortex at the age 28 months under different longevity conditions such as under dietary restriction (DR) as well as in feeding switch regimens that result in extended lifespan, like early age switch to DR as well as the reverse switch under the influence of the DR-mimetic α-lipoic acid (i.e. DR switched to ad libitum+ lipoic acid) [Shona et al. 2013]. Norway rat
    TMEM2 transmembrane protein 2 TMEM2 was found to be associated with longevity [22279548]. Human
    Thrsp Thyroid hormone-inducible hepatic protein Thrsp is transcriptional upregulated in the cerebral cortex at the age 28 months under different longevity conditions such as under dietary restriction (DR) as well as in feeding switch regimens that result in extended lifespan, like early age switch to DR as well as the reverse switch under the influence of the DR-mimetic α-lipoic acid (i.e. DR switched to ad libitum+ lipoic acid) [Shona et al. 2013]. Norway rat
    THO, mtDNA THO complex 1 THO, mtDNA was found to be associated with longevity [11053670]. Human
    THO THO complex 1 THO was found to be associated with longevity [9887369]. Human
    SIRT3 sirtuin 3 (silent mating type information regulation 2, homolog) 3 (S. cerevisiae) The TT genotype of a silent G/T transition (G477T) in the SIRT3 gene was found to be correlated with longevity in males (but not females) in a study of individuals from Calabria, Italy [14580859]. Human
    SOD2 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial The SOD2 rs2758331 has been correlated with exceptional longevity in a plethora of genetic signatures [22279548].SOD2 was found to be associated with longevity [20003469]. SOD2 was found to be associated with longevity [17903295]. SOD2 was found to be associated with longevity [15621215]. SOD2 was found to be associated with longevity [20003469]. SOD2 was found to be associated with longevity [19428448]. SOD2 was not found to be associated with longevity [9887369]. SOD2 was found to be associated with longevity [22279548]. SOD2 was not found to be associated with longevity [24163049]. Human
    Factors are an extension of GenAge and GenDR.

    Comment on This Data Unit