Factors

We need to know every factor which determines lifespan.

Lifespan factors often but not always originate from defined genetic elements. They are not just genes, by definition they can be anything for which a Classifications schema can be build for that is related to the regulation of lifespan, such entities may include Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism, transcript variants, proteins and their complexes, compounds (i.e. small molecules like metabolites and drugs), etc. A factor should be based on a defined molecular entity or genomic position and been classified. It shall be highly flexible and scalable Concept.

While individual lifespan factors within each species or precise defined molecular entities will be captured within the Lifespan App, Data Entries of the Data App may summarize for instance the relevance of each factor class (e.g. homologous group; chemical derivate of related structure and properties, etc.) as well as draw overall conclusions. o

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  • symbol name observation species
    BNA6 Biosynthesis of Nicotinic Acid 6 Deletion of BNA6 (alias QPT1) has no effect on replicative lifespan and is not required for lifespan extension by DR, but is lethal with mutation of NPT1 [11000115]. Deletion of BNA6 decreases chronological lifespan [17110466]. Nematode
    mec-1 MEChanosensory abnormality 1 Loss of function mutations in mec-1 do not effect lifespan [2428682]. mec-1 mutants are touch insenstive, lethargic, and have displacement of some microtubule cells and amphidial neurons as well as defective fasciculation [2428682]. Nematode
    ins-22 INSulin related 22 RNAi of ins-22 has no effect on lifespan. ins-22 is differentially transcribed in daf-16 and daf-2 RNAi animals [12845331]. Nematode
    fog-3 Feminization Of Germline 3 The fog-3(q470) allele has no effect on lifespan [11799246]. In fog-3 mutant animals cells that would normally become sperm differentiate into oocytes [7713418]. Nematode
    fog-2 Feminization Of Germline 2 fog-2(q71) allele has no effect on lifespan [10747056]. fog-2 mutant display hermaphrodite specific germ line feminization [11076749]. Nematode
    fog-1 Feminization Of Germline The fog-1(q180) allele has no effect on lifespan [11799246]. fog-1 mutants are sterile and make oocytes but not sperm [2341035]. Nematode
    fem-3 FEMinization of XX and XO animals fem-3(e1996) mutants do not produce sperm or self-progeny, therefore develop as females, but have a normal lifespan (See also ref 10) [8247153]. Nematode
    eat-5 EATing: abnormal pharyngeal pumping 5 The eat-5(ad464) allele has no significant effect on lifespan [9789046], although it displays defects in pharyngeal feeding behaviour [8462849]. Nematode
    eat-10 EATing: abnormal pharyngeal pumping 10 The eat-10(ad606) allele exhibits no significant extension of lifespan [9789046], but displays defects in pharyngeal feeding behaviour [8462849]. Nematode
    daz-1 human DAZ (Deleted in Azoospermia) homolog Mutation of daz-1 has no effect on lifespan [11799246]. daz-1 mutants are sterile and have a gonad that contains small nuclei and no oocytes [10662646]. Although sperm production is normal, oocytes precursors arrest at meiotic prophase and undergo apoptosis Nematode
    uba-1 UBA (human ubiquitin) related Overexpression of uba-1 does not result in significant increase in median lifespan [22737090]. Nematode
    ucp-4 UnCoupling Protein (mitochondrial substrate carrier) family member (ucp-4) Overexpression reduces mean lifespan by 5%, has no significant effect on median lifespan, and slighlty increases maximum lifespan by 12% [22737090]. Nematode
    ctl-1 CaTaLase 1 ctl-1 loss of function shortens lifespan to 77% of wild-type animals. ctl-1 mutants accumulate fluorescent material faster than wild-type, indicating accelerated aging [12610632]. ctl-1 mutation prevents lifespan extension by daf-2 or clk-1. Mutation of ctl-1 reudces catalase activty by 50% [10335847]. All these results have been retracted. Nematode
    (-)-epidcatechin Treatment with (-)-epidcatechin do no extend C. elegans lifespan [20717869]. Nematode
    NAC N-acetyl cysteine Treatment with 10 mM of NAC has no effect on the lifespan of wild-type, but fully abolishes the increased longevity of nuo-6 and severly limits that of isp-1. At high concentration (> 10-15 nM) NAC can be become deleteroius even on the wild-type [21151885]. Nematode
    Vitamin C Treatment with 1 mM vitamin C has no effect on lifespan of wild-type, but significantly shortens the lifespan of both isp-1 and muo-6 mutants [21151885]. Supplementation with vitamin C normalizes the median lifespan of wnr-1 and mir-124 mutants, which both exhibit premature aging [23075628]. Nematode
    rrf-1 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase Family Although rrf-1(pk1417) mutants seem to have elevated DAF-16 activity (as sod-3 transcript level is increased) the mean and maximum lifespan or ability to withstand elevated temperature is not different from wild-type [22574120]. Nematode
    aak-1 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 aak-1 does not appear to be required for the control of lifespan [15574588]. Nematode
    spg-7 human SPG (spastic paraplegia) 7 RNA interference of spg-7 in adulthood results in a 23% increase in mean lifespan [17411345]. Nematode
    sbds-1 Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond Syndrome protein homolog 1 RNA interference of sbds-1 decreases median lifespan by 24% in daf-2 mutants [18006689]. RNAi knockdown of sbds-1 starting at hatching or only during the adulthood significantly decreases lifespan of eat-2 without affecting wild-type lifespan. SBDS-1 are elevated in eat-2 mutants. Increased content of SBDS-1 is, at least partially, required for lifespan-extension by DR [22810224]. Nematode
    unc-52 UNCoordinated 52 RNA interference of unc-52 in adulthood extends mean lifespan by 11% [17411345]. RNAi knockdown of unc-52 starting at hatching or only during the adulthood significantly decreases lifespan of eat-2 without affecting wild-type lifespan. UNC-52 levels are elevated in eat-2 mutants. Increased content of UNC-52 is, at least partially, required for lifespan-extension by DR [22810224]. Nematode
    lars-2 Leucyl Amino-acyl tRNA Synthetase A mutation that impairs mitochondrial function was associated with a longer lifespan. Mutation of lrs-2/lars-2(mg312) extends lifespan and is associated with impaired mitochondrial function. The recessive allele mg312 of lars-2 extends lifespan by 200% at 20 degree Celsius and 30% at 25 degree Celsius. Lifespan extension by mg312 was not dependent on daf-16(mgDf47). Homozygous lars-2(mg312) worms had multiple pleotropies like lower rates of growth, pumping and defecation as well as remain the size of early L4 worms and are sterile, with an arrested gonad that exhibited no germ-cell differentiation lars-2 is ubiquitously express, with prominent expression in body-wall muscle and neurons, with a mitochondrial subcellular localisation. Mitochondria of lars-2 are noticeably disorganized, swollen and sometimes fused. lars-2 animals have lower ATP content and oxygen consumption [12447374]. Nematode
    fbxa-121 F-box A protein RNA interference of fbxa-121 in adulthood shortens the extended lifespan of daf-2(mu150) mutants. Only a negligible or small reduction in the lifespan of wild-type worms was observed in knockouts [17392428]. Nematode
    dod-19 Downstream Of DAF-16 (regulated by DAF-16) RNA interference of dod-19 extends lifespan by 28%. dod-19 is differentially transcribed in daf-16 and daf-2 RNAi animals [12845331]. Nematode
    daf-1 abnormal DAuer Formation daf-1(mk40) mutation increases mean lifespan by 18-46% and maximum lifespan by 29% [17900898]. The daf-1(m40) allele has no effect on lifespan and fails to prevent lifespan extension by sir-2.1 overexpression, but it results in a temperautre-sensitive, dauer-constitutive phenotype in larvae [11242085]. Nematode
    Factors are an extension of GenAge and GenDR.

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