| TSA1 | Thiol-Specific Antioxidant 1 | A gain-of-function allele of peroxiredoxin (thioredoxin peroxidase, Tsa1) causes a dominant oxidative stress-resistance and robust premature aging phenotype with reduced mean lifespan. These effect is not provoked by altered Tsa1 levels, nor can it be stimulated by deletion, haploinssufficiency or overexpression of wild-type allele [20729566]. Disruption of TSA1 shortens chronological lifespan [15129730]. Replicative lifespan extension by DR in sir2;fob1 double mutant is reduced by TSA1 deletion mutant. Wild-type cells require TSA1 to fully extend lifespan. Mutation in CDC35 (adenylate cyclase), a genetic mimetic of DR, is dependent on TSA1 to extend lifespan [21884982]. | Budding yeast |
| ATP2 | ATP synthase F1 subunit gamma | A temperature sensitive allele of ATP2 causes a clonal senescence phenotype resulting from the disruption of the age asymmetry between mother and daughter cells in that that daughter cells are born as old as they mother cells at 36 degree Celsius. This mutation of valine to isoleucine at amino acid 90 does not affect growth on non-fermentable carbon source. This allele is associated with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential as well as failure to segregate functional mitochondria to daughter cells [12242224]. | Budding yeast |
| ACH1 | Acetyl CoA Hydrolase 1 | ACH1 deletion cells accumulate a high amount of extracellular acetic acid and display a reduced mean and maximum chronological lifespan. Maximum lifespan is reduced by 32%. Lifespan shortening is completely abrogated by alleviating the acid stress either by a DR regimen that prevents acetic acid production or by transferring chronologically aging mutant cells to water. Deletion of ACH1 is accompanied by reactive oxygen species accumulation, severe mitochondrial damage, and an early insurgence of apoptosis [22754872]. | Budding yeast |
| ATG1 | AuTophaGy related 11 | ATG1 deletion reduces chronological lifespan by 70% [19302372]. Deletion of ATG1 reduces replicative lifespan by 20% in the alpha strain [18340043]. | Budding yeast |
| ATG17 | AuTophaGy related 17 | ATG17 deletion decreases replicative lifespan under AL and blocks DR-lifespan extension. ATG17 mutant's replicative lifespan decreases by 70% on DR [18690010]. | Budding yeast |
| ATG7 | Autophagy-related protein and dual specificity member of the E1 family of ubiquitin-activating enzymes; mediates the conjugation of Atg12p with Atg5p and Atg8p with phosphatidylethanolamine, required steps in autophagosome formation | ATG7 deletion reduces chronological lifespan by 70% [19302372]. | Budding yeast |
| PNC1 | Pyrazinamidase/NiCotinamidase 1 | Cells with 5 copies of PNC1 have a 70% longer replicative lifespan which is cancelled out by SIR2 deletion. PNC1 is upregulated under glucose DR [12736687]. Pnc1 reduces cellular nicotinamide levels, a product and noncompetitive inhibitor of Sir2 deacetylation reaction. Overexpression of PNC1 suppresses the effect of exogenously added nicotinamide on Sir2-dependent silencing at HM loci, telomeres and rDNA loci [12736687; 14729974]. Pnc1 catalyses the breakdown of nicotinamide to nicotinate and ammonia [12736687]. Deletion of PNC1 shortens replicative lifespan approximately by 10% [12736687] and largely prevents replicative lifespan extension of 0.5% glucose restriction. 0.5% glucose restriction slightly extends median replicative lifespan (by 10 - 15%) but not maximum replicative lifespan in pnc1Delta [14724176]. PNC1 overexpression suppresses the inhibitory effect of exogenously added NAM on silencing, lifespan, and Hst1-mediated transcriptional repression [14729974]. Increased expression of PNC1 is both necessary and sufficient for replicative lifespan extension by DR and low-intensity stress. Under non-stressing conditions (2% glucose, 30 degree Celsius), a strain with additional copies of PNC1 (5XPNC1) has 70% longer replicative lifespan than the wild-type and some cells live for more than 70 divisions. Neither DR nor heat stress further increase the lifespan of the 5XPNC1 strain [12736687]. PNC1 deletion decreases chronological lifespan [17110466]. | Budding yeast |
| CHL1 | CHromosome Loss 1 | CHL1 deletion mutant exhibits a shortened mean and maximum lifespan by 36 and 29%, respectively, as well as hypersensitivity to heat stress. CHL1 may modulate transcriptional silencing in the presence of Sir proteins [16182251]. | Budding yeast |
| DAP2 | Dipeptidyl AminoPeptidase 2 | DAP2 deletion decreases mean and maximum replicative lifespan under AL by 19 and 36%, respectively, and cancels out the lifespan extending effect of moderate DR [22912585]. | Budding yeast |
| YKU70 | Subunit of the telomeric Ku complex (Yku70p-Yku80p) | Deletion fo YKU70 shortens lifespan, but does not accelerate the normal aging process [10521401]. YKU70 null mutants are defective for non-homologous end-joining [8754818] and for telomeric silencing [9635192]. | Budding yeast |
| RAD52 | RAD51 homolog (RecA homolog, E. coli) (S. cerevisiae) | Deletion in RAD52 causes a 75% reduction in mean replicative lifespan in PSY316 strain [10207108]. Similiar reduction of lifespan occurs in strains W3031-A and W303R [M. Baeberlein, M. McVey, and L. Guarente, unpublished].
RAD51 is required for formation of extrachromosomal rDNA circles [10207108], but not for replication fork pausing nor DNA breakage with the rDNA [10693764]. | Budding yeast |
| ACO1 | ACOnitase 1 | Deletion of ACO1 decreases mean chronological lifespan by 42 - 56% in diploid cells [21447998]. | Budding yeast |
| AKR1 | AnKyrin Repeat-containing protein 1 | Deletion of AKR1 decreases replicative lifespan by 40% in the alpha strain [18340043]. Replicative lifespan decreased by 50% in the alpha strain [19030232]. | Budding yeast |
| ANS1 | — | Deletion of ANS1 decreases replicative lifespan by 25% in the alpha strain [19030232]. | Budding yeast |
| ARP1 | Actin-Related Protein 1 | Deletion of ARP1 decreases replicative lifespan by 40% in the alpha strain [18340043; 19030232]. | Budding yeast |
| ATP1 | ATP synthase 1 | Deletion of ATP1 increases chronological lifespan by up to 50% [17492370], but decreases replicative lifespan by 70% in the alpha strain [18340043]. | Budding yeast |
| CAT5 | CATabolite repression 5 | Deletion of CAT5 decreases chronological lifespan by up to 50% [17492370] and also decreases replicative lifespan by 30% in the alpha strain [18340043]. | Budding yeast |
| CCR4 | Carbon Catabolite Repression 4 | Deletion of CCR4 increases mean chronological lifespan by 20 - 41% (20, 33, 41) in diploid cells [21447998]. In W303R CCR4 deletion shortens replicative lifespan by approximately 80% and results in temperature sensitivity that is suppressed by SSD1-V. SSD1-V partially suppresses the short-lifespan of ccr4 mutant. CCR4 mutation is synthetically lethal in combination with deletion of MPT5 in the absence of SSD1-V [11805047]. | Budding yeast |
| CCS1 | Copper Chaperone for SOD1 1 | Deletion of CCS1 reduces replicative lifespan by 50% [17460215]. | Budding yeast |
| CLA4 | CLn Activity dependant 4 | Deletion of CLA4 decreases replicative lifespan by 60% in the alpha strain [18340043; 19030232]. | Budding yeast |
| COQ3 | COenzyme Q 3 | Deletion of COQ3 decreases chronological lifespan and renders cells respiratory deficient and sensitive to hydrogen peroxide [12586694]. | Budding yeast |
| CTF4 | Chromatin-associated protein, required for sister chromatid cohesion; interacts with DNA polymerase alpha (Pol1p) and may link DNA synthesis to sister chromatid cohesion | Deletion of CTF4 results in an approximately 75% reduced mean replicative lifespan [12024027]. | Budding yeast |
| DIF1 | Damage-regulated Import Facilitator 1 | Deletion of DIF1 decreases replicative lifespan by 20% in the alpha strain [19030232]. | Budding yeast |
| ERG3 | ERGosterol biosynthesis | Deletion of ERG3 decreases replicative lifespan under AL, cancels out replicative lifespan extension of 0.5% glucose DR and results under DR also into a shorter replicative lifespan than under AL [18690010]. | Budding yeast |
| ERG5 | ERGosterol biosynthesis 5 | Deletion of ERG5 decreases replicative lifespan by 35% in the a strain [18340043], but increases mean chronological lifespan by 26 - 116% (26, 40, 43, 62, 116) in diploid cells [21447998]. Deletion of ERG5 cancels out the replicative lifespan extension of 0.5% glucose restriction [18690010]. | Budding yeast |
