A patch is an update designed to improve an Application/Project by fixing an issue/problem, enhancing existing functionality/overall performance or providing new features.
Denigma is a open source Project made and improved by many volunteers. What needs to get done a patch accepted in Denigma, is that somebody (really anybody - could be you) looks at the latest patch provided. Maybe s/he makes some improvements for suggestions and if all is well, it can be marked: Ready for checkin.