Factors

We need to know every factor which determines lifespan.

Lifespan factors often but not always originate from defined genetic elements. They are not just genes, by definition they can be anything for which a Classifications schema can be build for that is related to the regulation of lifespan, such entities may include Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism, transcript variants, proteins and their complexes, compounds (i.e. small molecules like metabolites and drugs), etc. A factor should be based on a defined molecular entity or genomic position and been classified. It shall be highly flexible and scalable Concept.

While individual lifespan factors within each species or precise defined molecular entities will be captured within the Lifespan App, Data Entries of the Data App may summarize for instance the relevance of each factor class (e.g. homologous group; chemical derivate of related structure and properties, etc.) as well as draw overall conclusions. o

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  • Classifications: + -
  • Types: + -
  • symbol name observation species
    L-Theanine L-Theanine L-Theanine promotes paraquat resistance and extends lifespan of adult *C. elegans* [22422488].
    TSA Trichostatin A Histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) extends the lifespan of *Drosophila melanogaster* by promoting the hsp22 gene transcription, and affecting the chromatin morphology at the locus of hsp22 gene along the polytene chromosome [15346199]. hsp70 and hsp22 RNA levels are higher in long-lived than in short-lived fly lines. The HDAC inhibitor TSA causes a higher expression of hsp22 and hsp70, and strikingly influences the lifespan in both long and short-lived lines, with variable degrees (up to 25%) [15695762]. Human
    DATS Diallyl Trisulfide DATS increases longevity apparently by enhancing skn-1. Treatment with 5-10 μM DATS increases lifespan even when treatment is started during young adulthood. DATS increases the lifespan of daf-2 and daf-16 mutants, but not that of eat-2 mutants. DATS treatment leads to the induction of the skn-1 target gene gst-4 and this induction is dependent on skn-1. DATS effect on lifespan is dependent on skn-1 activity in both intestine and ASI neurons [21296648].
    THC Tetrahydocurcumin Tetrahydocurcumin extends the lifespan and reduces oxidative stress in male and female fruit flies. THC extends lifespan of Drosophila and inhibits the oxidative stress response by regulating *FOXO* and *Sir2* [22156377]. In male mice supplementation with tetrahydrocurcumin beginning at the age of 13 month increases the mean lifespan by an average of 84 days, i.e. an increase of 11.7% [17516143]. Human
    Wortmannin Treatment of Drosophila imago with 0.5 micromolar wortmannin increases median (by 5%) and maximum (by 39%) lifespan in males (p < 0.001), but the lifespan differences in females were statistical insignificant (p > 0.05) [22661237]. Low dose of wortmannin (5 microM) slightly increase the median and maximum lifespan [20017609].
    LY294002 Treatment of Drosophila imago with 5 micromolar LY294002 increases median (by 14%) and maximum (by 16-22%) lifespan (p<0.001) in females and males, respectively [22661237]. Low dose of LY294002 (5 microM) slightly increase the median and maximum lifespan of fruit fly [20017609]. Fruit fly
    Icariside II Icariside II Icariside II and its derivate icarrin extend lifespan. Animals treated with icariin have high levels of icariside II. Icariside II also increases thermo and oxidative stress tolerance, slow locomotion decline in late adulthood and delay the onset of paralysis mediated by polyQ and ABeta(1-42) proteotoxicity. Lifespan extension by Icariside II is dependent on IIS, since daf-16(mu86) and daf-2(e1370) fails to sho exhibit lifespan extension upon icariside treatment. Incariside II treatment upregulates expression of DAF-16 targets in wild-type. HSF-1 has also a role in icariside II-dependent lifespan extension [22216122]. Nematode
    Rapa Rapamycin In budding yeast treatment with rapamcyin increases mean and maximum replicative lifespan by 19 and 16% Rapamycin fails to extend the lifespan of sir2 mutants or NAM treated wild-type cells [20947565]. Rapamcyin treatment increases mean chronological lifespan by by approximately by 80% in BY4742 [22790951]. Rapamycin extends chronological lifespan proportional with increasing concentrations from 100 pg/mL to 1 ng/mL [16418483]. Treatment with rapamcyin in nemaotdes increases mean, median, 75th %ile and maximum lifespan by 19-29, 17-29, 24-32 an 19%, respectively on OP50. On HT115 rapamycyin extends mean, median and 75th %ile of lifespan by 8-36, 4-46 and 12-44%, respectively. Rapamycin robustly increases lifespan in two daf-16 mutants (mgDf47 and mu86) with or without FUdR and with growth on either the standard strain OP50 or the feeding RNAi strain HT115 [22560223]. Treatment of Drosophila imago with rapamycin induces increases of median (by 5-6%) lifespan (p < 0.01) in males and females, respectively and increase of maximum lifespan (by 33%) in females (p < 0.01) [22661237]. Rapamcyin increases mouse lifespan even when administrated late in life [19587680]. Low dose of rapamycin (5 microM) slightly increase the median and maximum lifespan in fruit fly [20017609]. Rapamcyin increases mouse lifespan and healthspan even when administrated late in life (20 months) [19587680]. Rapamycin enhances learning and memory in young mice and improves these faculties in old mice thereby negating the normal decline in these functions with age. Rapamycin boost levels of neurotransmitters associated with neural plasticity. Rapamycin also lowered anxiety and depressive-like behaviour at all ages from 4, 12 and 28 months. "Happy, feel-good" neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine are all significantly augmented in the midbrains of rapamycin treated mice [http://denigma.de/url/37]. Treatment with rapamycin increased lifespan and suppresses spontanous tumorgenesis in inbred female mice [22107964].
    • 8 factors
    Factors are an extension of GenAge and GenDR.

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