Hormetins, antioxidants and prooxidants: defining quercetin-, caffeic acid- and rosmarinic acid-mediated life extension in C. elegans.

Authors: Pietsch, Kerstin; Saul, Nadine; Chakrabarti, Shumon; Sturzenbaum, Stephen R; Menzel, Ralph; Steinberg, Christian E W

Abstract: Quercetin, Caffeic- and Rosmarinic acid exposure extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. This comparative study uncovers basic common and contrasting underlying mechanisms: For all three compounds, life extension was characterized by hormetic dose response curves, but hsp-level expression was variable. Quercetin and Rosmarinic acid both suppressed bacterial growth; however, antibacterial properties were not the dominant reason for life extension. Exposure to Quercetin, Caffeic- and Rosmarinic acid resulted in reduced body size, altered lipid-metabolism and a tendency towards a delay in reproductive timing; however the total number of offspring was not affected. An indirect dietary restriction effect, provoked by either chemo-repulsion or diminished pharyngeal pumping was rejected. Quercetin and Caffeic acid were shown to increase the antioxidative capacity in vivo and, by means of a lipofuscin assay, reduce the oxidative damage in the nematodes. Finally, it was possible to demonstrate that the life and thermotolerance enhancing properties of Caffeic- and Rosmarinic acid both rely on osr-1, sek-1, sir-2.1 and unc-43 plus daf-16 in the case of Caffeic acid. Taken together, hormesis, in vivo antioxidative/prooxidative properties, modulation of genetic players, as well as the re-allocation of energy all contribute (to some extent and dependent on the polyphenol) to life extension.

Keywords: Animals; Antioxidants/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Base Sequence; Caenorhabditis elegans/*drug effects/genetics/physiology; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics; Caffeic Acids/administration & dosage/pharmacology; Cinnamates/administration & dosage/pharmacology; DNA, Helminth/genetics; Depsides/administration & dosage/pharmacology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression/drug effects; Genes, Helminth; Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics; Longevity/drug effects/genetics/physiology; Polyphenols/administration & dosage/pharmacology; Quercetin/administration & dosage/pharmacology
Journal: Biogerontology
Volume: 12
Issue: 4
Pages: 329-47
Date: April 20, 2011
PMID: 21503726
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Citation:

Pietsch, Kerstin, Saul, Nadine, Chakrabarti, Shumon, Sturzenbaum, Stephen R, Menzel, Ralph, Steinberg, Christian E W (2011) Hormetins, antioxidants and prooxidants: defining quercetin-, caffeic acid- and rosmarinic acid-mediated life extension in C. elegans. Biogerontology 12: 329-47.


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