Tissues

The human body as well as that of other animals (Species) is highly structured into organs and tissues which serve specific functions. Tissue is the organizational level intermediate between cells and organs system which compose the whole organism. All the tissues and cell types defined in an animal organism are hierarchical structured and shall be fully described. o

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  • name description synonyms
    adrenal cortex The outer portion of the adrenal glands that produces several steroid hormones, including cortisol and aldosterone [Brenda].
    adrenal medulla The inner, reddish-brown portion of the adrenal glands that synthesizes, stores, and releases epinephrine and norepinephrine [Brenda].
    alveolus A tiny, thin-walled, capillary-rich sac in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place [Brenda].
    aorta The great arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body [Brenda].
    arterial adventitia Adventitia is the outermost connective tissue covering of any organ, vessel, or other structure. It is also called the tunica adventitia or the tunica externa [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventitia].
    arterial intima The arterial intima incldues the endothelium, interla elastic lamina, and all intervening tissues [Stehbens, 1995: http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/elsevier/definition-of-the-arterial-intima-LB2GoUv3it].
    arterial media The middle coat of blood vessel walls, composed principally of thin, cylindrical, smooth muscle cells and elastic tissue. It accounts for the bulk of the wall of most arteries. The smooth muscle cells are arranged in circular layers around the vessel, and the thickness of the coat varies with the size of the vessel [MeSH: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?mode=&term=+L+o+w+e+r+ +l+i+m+b+&field=entry].
    atrium In the heart, the atrium is an upper chamber found on both sides of the heart. The left atrium receives red, oxygenated blood from the lungs by way of the pulmonary veins. The right atrium receives dark red blood from the other parts of the body [Brenda].
    auditory apparatus All of the components of the organ of hearing including the outer and middle and inner ears.
    bile duct Any of the ducts that convey bile in and from the liver [Brenda].
    bladder A membranous sac in animals that serves as the receptacle of a liquid or contains gas [Brenda].
    brain 1: The portion of the vertebrate central nervous system that constitutes the organ of thought and neural coordination, includes all the higher nervous centers receiving stimuli from the sense organs and interpreting and correlating them to formulate the motor impulses, is made up of neurons and supporting and nutritive structures, is enclosed within the skull, and is continuous with the spinal cord through the foramen magnum. Also named encephalon.n2: A nervous center in invertebrates comparable in position and function to the vertebrate brain [Brenda].
    cardiac conducting system The electrical conduction system that controls the heart rate. This system generates electrical impulses and conducts them throughout the muscle of the heart, stimulating the heart to contract and pump blood [MedTerms: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8407].
    cardiac valve A heart valve normally allows blood flow in only one direction through the heart. The four valves commonly represented in a mammalian heart determine the pathway of blood flow through the heart. A heart valve opens or closes incumbent upon differential blood pressure on each side [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_valve].
    carotid artery A key artery located in the front of the neck that carries blood from the heart to the brain. Cholesterol plaques on the inner wall of the carotid artery can lead to stroke [Brenda].
    coronary artery Either of two arteries that arise one from the left and one from the right side of the aorta immediately above the semilunar valves and supply the tissues of the heart itself [Brenda].
    dermis The sensitive vascular inner mesodermic layer of the skin [Brenda].
    endocardium A thin serous membrane lining the cavities of the heart [Brenda].
    epidermis The outer epithelial layer of the external integument of the animal body that is derived from the embryonic epiblast; specifically: the outer nonsensitive and nonvascular layer of the skin of a vertebrate that overlies the dermis [Brenda].
    exocrine pancreas That part of the pancreas that acts as an exocrine gland, consisting of the pancreatic acini, which produce pancreatic juice and secrete it into the duodenum to aid in protein digestion [Brenda].
    female reproductive system The internal and external reproductive organs in the female [Brenda].
    femur The bone that extends from the pelvis to the knee, being the longest and largest bone in the body; its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone, and distally, the femur, along with the patella and tibia, forms the knee joint [Brenda].
    gall bladder A small, pear-shaped muscular sac, located under the right lobe of the liver, in which bile secreted by the liver is stored until needed by the body for digestion [Brenda].
    ganglion A group of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system. The term is occasionally applied to certain nuclear groups within the brain or spinal cord, such as the basal ganglia [Brenda].
    gastric mucosa The mucous coat of the stomach [Brenda].
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